Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that affects people of all ages. The exact causes of ADHD are not fully understood, but research suggests that a combination of genetic and environmental factors may play a role.
Genetics
It's believed that one of the leading causes of ADHD is a genetic predisposition. Studies have shown that ADHD tends to run in families, suggesting that there may be a genetic component. Additionally, research has identified several genes associated with an increased likelihood of ADHD. These genes are thought to affect the development and function of specific brain regions involved in attention and impulse control.
Environment
Environmental factors may also contribute to the development of ADHD. For example, early childhood exposure to certain toxins, such as lead, may increase the likelihood of ADHD. Low birth weight or premature birth may also contribute to ADHD development. However, it's important to note that more research is needed to fully understand the complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors that contribute to the development of ADHD.
Problems during development
Other research suggests that certain brain injuries, such as head trauma, may also contribute to the development of ADHD. Furthermore, certain infections during pregnancy, such as rubella, may also increase the chances of ADHD.
If you're concerned about your child's behaviour, a diagnosis is the first step to them receiving the appropriate treatment and support. Early diagnosis can also help to prevent or minimise any negative impact on a child's academic, social, and emotional development.